Brianzolo

Synonyms or local names: Nostrano (local) turkey

Geographic origin: Lombardy

Geographic distribution: Northern Italy, Brianza

Estimated total population size: 15 (Castillo et al., 2021)

Extinction risk status (FAO, 1998): Critical conserved

Historical origin of the breed

Light turkey originated from Lombardy, traditionally present in rural breeding. Locally known as Nostrano (local) turkey. According to oral tradition, the pencilled silver bronze colour seems to have been prevalent in Brianza in the past.
Brianzolo turkey is similar for both size and colour to Belgian Ronquieres breed. Well-known and appreciated since early 1900, the Brianzolo population risked extinction. It was however rescued and conserved thanks to fancy breeders’ activity, which lead to the acknowledgment of a breed standard on behalf of the Italian Federation of Poultry Breeds (Federazione Italiana Razze Avicole, FIAV) in 2013.

Bibliography

STANDARD DELLE RAZZE AVICOLE Manual, FIAV, 2013-14

 

Brianzolo – male (UniMI)

 

Brianzolo – female (UniMI)

Qualitative morphological traits

Plumage colours: Pencilled silver bronze in different degrees of intensity

Colour features: Bi-colour

Colour pattern: In the male, neck, breast, and upper part of the back brown-grey with evident dark mesh-like pattern. Primaries dark grey, with fine whiteish-white peppering at the end. Outer colour dark grey with very thin white edging, inner colour dark grey with silver white peppering at the end. Secondaries: from the first to the fifth feather, ivory with intense dark grey peppering on the central part, mainly on rachids’ sides; other feathers iridescent brown with black peppering, with a white band at the end on the feathers that are closest to the body. Main wing coverts’ outer colour cinnamon and inner colour dark grey close to the rachids, fading to cream with dark grey peppering. All feathers end up with a thin black edging with white tip. Small wing coverts ground colour black with brown-cream mesh-like pattern; feathers end up with a black band with strong metallic lustre. Main tail feathers: light cinnamon colour with peppering on the part hidden by tail coverts and ending up with a black band with strong metallic-green luster and a white band at the edging. Main tail coverts cinnamon on the visible half, while the hidden half has a strong peppering which forms a mesh-like pattern. Small tail coverts have a net-like pattern on cream ground, with a black band with iridescent luster and a band with cream barbs at the end. Remaining plumage of the back alternately crossed with distinct parallel black and brown stripes down to the shoulders. In the female, colours approximately identical to the male’s, but with more evident mesh-like pattern. Feathers on back and breast end up with a white edging. Small wing coverts and upper part of the back have a black ground with cream mesh-like pattern. Belly and legs ivory with faint mesh-like pattern also in the down.

Head: Naked in the male, slightly feathered in the female, centrally on the skull

Neck: Medium-lengthed, arched

Caruncles: Average development; on head and on naked areas of the neck, larger at the base; red, often orange in young birds, changing to blueish-white when excited; the fleshy protruberance above the beak elongates during excitement, more in the male than in the female, retracts while feeding and is pendant when displaying.

Iris colour: Dark

Beak colour: Light brown with slight blackish stripes

Shank colour: Pinkish with dark scales

Shank feathering: Free from feathers

Quantitative morphological traits

Genetic traits

Characterisation of the breed with Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)

Reproductive and productive quantitative traits

Oviposition, brooding and incubation data

Egg-quality traits

Reproductive traits

Rearing traits

The presented data were registered in the nucleus population conserved at the University of Milan (UniMI).
Latest update: January 22, 2024

Germplasm collection

0
The breed has yet to be conserved in our Cryobank.

Brianzolo